One of the inflammation options of the urinary tract - cystitis - This disease in 80% is considered a female disease due to the anatomical characteristics of the female body.
In women, the bladder more often needs to be empty than in men and is also more susceptible to attacking several microbes, bacteria and viruses that can cause cystitis in women.
Symptoms and treatment of this disease depend directly on various factors, the nature of the process, the location, the pathogen of the infection and are classified by:
- According to the location of the inflammatory process in the urinary system - there may be damage to the mucous, muscle or submucosal layer of the bladder.
- By the nature of the course of the disease - acute or chronic.
- According to morphological changes - phlegm, cystic, ulcer, hemorrhagic, granulomatous, tumor form, etc.
- According to the pathogen, it can be bacterial (E. coli, staphylococci, streptococci, ureapaplasma, mycoplasma, gonorrhea, mycobacterium of tuberculosis, etc.), viral, fungal and non -bacterial (allergic, drug, toxic, chemical, chemicalRadiation), can be caused by protozoan infection (chlamydia).
With cystitis - Which doctor contacts?
Cystitis proceeds painfully, with rapid urination, burning and sharp pain after emptying, with a constant sensation of bladder overflowing, low body temperature, sometimes even with a blend of blood and mucus in the urine.If the woman has the symptoms listed, which doctor contacts?
With cystitis in women, to clarify the diagnosis, first and foremost, you should contact the urologist, as it is this doctor who is involved in the diagnosis and treatment of cystitis, for examination, it is necessary to do urine analysis - general analysis, for bacterial sowing by Nechiporenko, conduct an ultrasound of the study of blotder and cystopia.
In addition, a gynecologist should be visited, as cystitis can often be caused not only by banal bacteria, but also to be combined with sexually transmitted infections, so the gynecologist examination and a stain for the study of vaginal microflora is also required.With cystitis in women, the treatment includes antibiotics and uroseptics, sometimes the doctor can be prescribed by bladder instillation, as well as physical therapy.
Causes of cystitis in women
Most of the time, the cause of cystitis in women are infectious agents, as the place near the vagina, the anus, the very wide short urethra is located in the penetration of various pathogenic microorganisms in the bladder along the ascending paths.However, there are other ways to penetrate bacteria in the urinary system:
- The ascending path is urethral, that is, from the urethra
- Descendant Path - On the contrary, of the upper urinary tract
- Lymphogenous - from other small pelvic organs
- Hematogenic is a rare way to penetrate remote organs infection.
When a woman has symptoms of cystitis, you should not self -assert yourself, since the causes of cystitis, pathogens are a large number and, for the correct treatment of successful, you should first determine them, clarify your sensitivity to antimicrobial medications and just to prescribe a comprehensive treatment.
Cystitis in women is very rarely an isolated process, when hygiene, constipation, colds, sharp products or alcohol, use of panties, a change in a partner, a rare emptying of the bladder, etc.Causes the reproduction of banal pathogenic bacteria.In 80%, these are E. coli, in 15% of Staphylococcus, 5% of other bacteria, such as pseudoscan, klebsiella, proteus.
- Most of the time, cystitis occurs against the bottom of inflammatory processes in the vagina or for diseases of female genitals such as bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, diseases are transmitted (gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis, clamidia, ureplasmosis), sometimes cystitis acrocase the tubercrosis of female or female female or female.Many hidden infections and tuberculosis for a long time are asymptomatic, imperceptibly, a woman only periodically experiences some discomfort, subfill temperature, weakness, does not visit the doctor and does not apply to the diagnostic centers for the study of the causes of light disease.
- Additional provocative factors in the development of cystitis include pyelonephritis, bladder stones, divertular urine stagnation.
- Cystitis often occurs in pregnant women, this is explained by a change in microflora and vaginal, and urological tract, under the influence of endocrine restructuring and hemodynamics on the body in a pregnant woman.
- If a woman has diabetes mellitus, frequent manifestations of allergic reactions, she is subjected to constant toxic effects or conducts cancer treatment using radiation therapy - these are also risk factors for cystitis.
- Sometimes, after surgical manipulations, operations, endoscopic examination, the mucosa is injured, which contributes to the development of cystitis in women.
- Cystitis symptoms also occur during menopause, as with atrophic changes of menopause in the body and the lack of estrogens are also reflected in the urogenital tract.
In addition to acute cystitis, many women suffer from a chronic inflammatory process compared to the background of slow infections listed above, or chronic cystitis in women is associated with omission of the uterus and vagina.
Cystitis symptoms in women
After provocative factors such as injury, a cold, after unprotected sex, an infectious disease, etc., acute cystitis can occur in women, which always begins very sharply, suddenly:
- Dysuria - Rapid urination, rubberized in the bladder, burning and pain in the urethra, constant desire to empty the bladder.
- Before urination, a woman usually has to make efforts, pushing.The frequency of desire is so tall that a woman needs to visit the bathroom every 15 minutes, sometimes there is involuntary urinary incontinence.
- Nicturia is the predominance of a nightly desire to empty the bladder.
- Pain usually follows the beginning and end of the urination process.Outside the emptying process, pain is located only in the pubic and perineum.The intensity of the pain may be different from the slight discomfort to unbearable and strong attacks.
- Almost always with cystitis in women, urine is muddy, purulent.
- In acute cystitis, the temperature may increase to 38 ° C, respectively, weakness, the general well deterioration occurs.
- Often, after the first acute process, the disease occurs if acute cystitis develops again a month after treatment;Therefore, this indicates the preservation of the infection.
- In chronic cystitis in a woman, the symptoms and treatment of the disease are identical, it is possible that the pain and frequency of urination are not expressed so sharply.During an exacerbation of the chronic process, a clinical image of acute cystitis is possible and during the period of remission, neither laboratory or symptomatic data indicate an inflammatory process.
Cystitis Treatment in Women
For the treatment of acute and chronic cystitis in women, you should seek counseling for a gynecologist and a urologist.Usually in acute cystitis with proper therapy, healing occurs literally in a week.
If the infectious nature of cystitis in a woman is confirmed, treatment is mandatory to destroy pathogenic microorganisms with antimicrobial, antibiotics to which pathogens are sensitive:
- Recently, fluoroquinolones such as ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, phosphomycin, nitrofurans have been widely used in women in women.These drugs for the treatment of cystitis in women have side effects and have several against -indications;Therefore, its use is possible only as prescribed by a doctor.
- If a specific microflora is found according to analyzes, the treatment includes possible antiviral agents, antifungal or antimicrobial agents.
- With intense pain, non -antismodic or anti -inflammatory drugs are prescribed.
- If there are no allergic reactions to medicinal herbs, you can use various variants of phyto-one-lingonberry, Lingonberry sheet, field field, Ursi grape.It is better to use herbs not in bags, but the form of collection, powder - prepare them and insists as any common decoction of medicinal herbs.
- A native antiseptic is an effective remedy for cystitis, a very unique administration of this medicine.
- There are also many drugs for plant origin tablets, which are used as auxiliaries when they decreased with an acute inflammatory process, they should be consumed for a long time for a more persistent effect.Cranberries also help many,Cranberry fruit drinksWith cystitis or a compressed form of the drug that contains cranberry extract.
- In the treatment of cystitis, women should increase the daily amount of drunk fluid, for the rapid elimination of toxins in the body, it is also worth adhering to a lactative reduction diet.
Cystitis Prevention - Useful Tips for Women
- Deflozione cystitis and transient urinary tract infection associated with sex life arise with a frequent change of partners if a man does not observe hygiene and no condoms are used in sex.
- Compliance with personal hygiene is the key to the lack of relapse of bacterial cystitis.Use means with a neutro-acid-base balance for intimate hygiene.
- Control the fullness and timely emptying of the bladder does not allow prolonged stagnation of urine.
- Smoping, especially the legs wet in cold weather, cause exacerbation.
- Drink at least 2 liters of water, squeezed juices or cranberry fruit drinks daily.
- Do not wear sheep panties if you have chronic cystitis, when wearing this linen, the intestinal wand is very easily on the urethra.Nor do they wear very tight clothes, jeans, they hinder normal blood circulation in the pelvic area.
- Construction also causes recurrences of cystitis, try to include dry apricots, plums, fresh cabbage and other fruits and vegetables in its daily diet.